Cutting-off machine



H. J. WHITE CUTTING-OFF MACHINE Filed Dec. 19, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet lINVENTQR jir eri WNW %z2s ATT EY July 4, 1939. H. J. WHITE cu'rnne-orr'mourns Filed Dec'. 19, 1935 '4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 732:1

M -%'z'$ AT H. J. WHlTE 2,165,11

CUTTING-OFF MACHINE July 4, 1939.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 19, 1935 INVENTOR finger?) P1770126 X75 Arrjiw July 4, 1939. H. J. WHITE CUTTINWOFF MACHINE Filed Dec. 19, 1955 4Sheets-Sheet 4 H AITUg EZ @atenied 5 oo'r'rmc-os'r MA A Herbert J.

te, Wayne -5 County, N. 3.

Application December 19, 1935, Serial No. 55,265

9 @Dleims.

The present invention relates to cutting-oh machines and processes andparticularly to machines and methods in which abrasive cutting-oilwheels are employed for cutting metal stock.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a faster cutting-offmethod than any heretofore devised.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cutting-on methodwhich is characterized not only by high speed production but also byincreased life of the cutting-oil tool, especially where an abrasivewheel is employed as the tool.

Still another object of the invention is to proa cutting-ofi machinewhich will be of simple and practical construction and which willoperate according to the method of this invention.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent hereinafter from thespecification and from the recital of the appended claims.

Cutting-on machines of the prior art employ rotary tools orreciprocating tools, such as circular saws, grinding wheels orreciprocating saws, and the cut is effected by feeding the tooltransversely through the bar of stock. In these prior art machines, thearea of contact between the tool and the work is large and it increasesas the tool feeds toward the center of the bar. The rate of cutting,therefore, is necessarily slow. Moreover, because of the large area ofcontact b..- tween the tool and the work, wear of the tool is quiterapid. Grinding wheels especially have a relatively short life and theirscope of use for this reason has been very much restricted.

The present invention is based upon an entirely new principle oicutting. Instead of cutting by simply feeding the tool transverselythrough the bar, the cut is effected by relatively revolving the toolaround the bar as it feeds into the bar. Thus the blank is cut ofl thebar by an ever-deepening spiral out. At all times, the area of contactbetween the tool and the bar is relatively small; the cutting operationmay, therefore, be speeded up and yet the life of the tool is increased.Ihe present invention makes it practical to use a grinding wheel incutting-ofi all sizes of metal stock.

The process of the present invention and a preferred form of machine forpracticing the invention are illustrated more or less diagrammaticallyin the accompanying drawings. In the machine shown, a pair of grindingwheels are employed as the cutting-0d tools. The two wheels are mountedto operate simultaneously at diametrically opposite points on the work.They are rotated upon their respective axes and simultaneously revolvedtogether about the bar and fed into the bar. Thus they take a. continualdeepening spiral cut into the bar. When the bar has been cut to suchdepth that the two wheels approach very close to one another, one wheelis withdrawn and the other wheel continues to feed into the bar until ithas completely severed the blank from the bar. In the machine shown, therevolutionary movement of the wheels about the bar of stock, effects a.slow feed movement of the wheels into the bar through a linkage and aset of differential gears.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the machine described, illustrating thepositionof the cutting wheels and the bar of stock just prior to thebeginning of the cut;

Fig. 2 is a similar view, but showing the position of the wheels whenthe blank is partly severed from the bar;

Fig. 3isavlewsimllartotheFlsml and2and showing the positions of thewheels immediately after the blank has been severed from the bar;

Flg. l is a side elevation with some parts broken away, oi the machineshown in Figs. 1 to 8;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale, showing a detail ofthe feed mechanism for one of the cutting wheels;

Fig. 6 is a view illustrating diagrammatically the extent to which thetwo wheels may be led toward one another before one is withdrawn;

Fig. 7 is a view illustrating diagrammatically the principle of cuttingof the present invention; and

Fig. 8 is a view illustrating diagrammatically by way of contrast theprinciple of the cuttingofi methods practiced prior to the presentinvention.

Referring now to the drawings by numerals of reference, 80 indicates themain base of the cutting-on machine shown. Upon this main base at eitherside thereof are provided a pair of supporting arms H and secured to thebase between these arms is a bracket l2. Each of the arms ll carries aroller l3 and the bracket I2 carries a roller it. These rollers willpreferably be ballor roller-bearing mounted upon their respectivesupporting arms or bracket. The rollers l3 and M are so disposedrelative to one another as to provide a three-point support for acylindrical carrier plate It.

The plate 15 carries the grinding wheels or other cutting-off tools.There are a pair of studs 2t and 2E secured in the plate l5 and uponthese studs are pivotally mounted the lever arms 22 and projection 14the pin 10.

23, respectively. There is screws 26 to the free end of the lever arm 22and there is a motor 21 secured by screws (not shown) to the free end orthe lever arm 23. The armature shafts 28 and 29, respectively, of thesemotors project forwardly through arcuate slots 30 and 3|, respectively,formed in the carrier plate is and upon the forward ends of these shaftsare secured the grinding wheels 34 and 35.

The carrier plate I 5 is formed with a central opening and it is mountedupon and secured to a sleeve 31 which extends forwardly through thisopening. The base In of the machine is formed 7 at its rear with anupright or arm 42 that is provided at its upper end with a bearing orsupport 43 for the rear end of the sleeve 31. The carrier plate I5 issecured to the sleeve 31 by screws 38 (Fig. 4).

The bar of stock from which blanks are to be cut oil is designated as B.It is fed through a feed-tube denoted at 40. The feed-tube is mounted inthe sleeve 31.

Rotatably mounted upon the sleeve 31 is a second sleeve 45. Arms 60 andGI, which are integral with the sleeve extend Irom diametricallyopposite points 01 the sleeve.

The arm is connected by a pin 62 to a link which, in turn, is connectedby a pin to lever arm 22. The other arm BI is connected There is abayonet slot 69 5d the by pin 61 to link 68.

formed in the free end of this latter link. This slot is adapted toreceive a pin 10 that is mounted in the lever arm 23 and the lever arm23 is formed with a transverse slot 13 through which the link68-'maymove relative to the arm.

The pin 10 is adapted to rest upon a nose or formed upon the link 88 anddefining the bayonet slot 69. The link 68 is normally pressed in acounter-clockwise direction about its pivot 61 by a spring-pressedplunger 15. This plunger serves to hold the link normally in suchposition that the nose 14 engages under The plunger 15 is mounted in anopening or recess 16 formed in a lug 11 which is integral with the leverarm 23. The plunger is actuated by the coil-spring 18 housed in thisopening or recess. The plunger carries a roller 80 that engages andrides on one side surface of the link 68. Nuts 8!, which are theaded onthe stem or the plunger, serve to limit its rightward movement.

The link 68 is formed on the side opposite that engaged by the roller 80with a cam-projection $3. This cam-projection has an inclined or beveledsurface 84 at one end. There is a pin 85 secured in the carrier-platel5. adapted to ride up on the bevel 84 of the camprojection 83 as thecutting wheels Iced into depth and it disengages the link 68 from thepin 'EG, allowing the wheei 35 to drop back away from the work to avoidinterference panion wheel 34 when the out far that the wheels approachone another.

The feed of the wheels into duced by the relative rotation rier plate l5and the sleeve 45 scribed.

Fastened to the sleeve 31, as by means oi. the set-screw 50 is a spurgear 5i. Fastened to or integral with the sleeve 45 is a spurgear 52.These two spur gears have different numbers of teeth. The difference innumber of their teeth will depend upon the fineness oi the feed desired.

as will now be de- This pin is 2,165,118 a motor 24 secured by Forextremely slow teed, one gas: would have one less tooth than the other.

The two gears 51 and 52 mesh with a single wide-faced pinion 54. Thispinion is rotatably mounted upon a stud 53 that issecured in a bracket56 which is integral with or fastened in any desired manner 'to the arm42.

The arm 56 extends through an opening 51 in a hood or cover thatencloses the parts of the machine and is secured to the carrier plate I5by screws 59.

The carrier-plate 15 may be suitable means (not shown).

1 The operation of the machine will now be described.

Assuming that revolved by any the parts are in the positions shown inFigs. 1 and 4 with the wheels 34 and 35 in withdrawn position and withthe bar B projecting forward from the tube 40 a distance determined bythe length of the piece 01 stock to be cut off the bar and with the pin10 resting on the nose 14 of link 68, the machine is ready foroperation. The machine is put into operation by starting the motors 24and 21, which drive the grinding wheels 34 and 35, and by applying powerto the carrier-plate I5 to revolve this plate about its axis.

As the carrier-plate revolves. it carries the rotating grinding bar Band simultaneously rotates the sleeve 45 to cause the grinding wheels tobe fed into the bar. The drive to the sleeve 45 is from the carrierplatethrough the sleeve 31, which is secured to I the carrier-plate, the gearH, which is fastened to this sleeve, the pinion this gear, and the gear52 which meshes with wheels 34 and 35 about the 54, which meshes withthe pinion 54 and is integral with the sleeve 45.

The gears 5i and 52 will be chosen as described to have but slightlydiflerent numbers 01 teeth. Hence, the difl'erential gearing 5|-54-52will drive the sleeve 45 at a much slower rate than the rate of rotationof plate Hi and the plate I! will make many revolutions while the'sleeve45 is rotating through a slight angle.

The sleeve 45 is connected with the lever 22 and it is connected with byarm 60 and link 44 the lever 28 by arm 5|, link 58, nose 14 and pin 10.Hence, when rotational movement in one direction is imparted to lugwheels 34 and 35 pivots 2i! and 2| to feed the sleeve 45, the grindarerocked about their into the bar 13.

to be cut through eter indicated by The link 68 will have been moved toa point where v the pin 85 begins to ride up on the cam-projection 83 oflink 88. I v

This will cause the link 58 to be rocked about its pivot 81, compressingthe plunger 15. In the further revolution of the plate I! and rotationof the sleeve t the pin 85 will ride upon the pro arcane [iii will befed down into the bar 13 until, as shown in Fig. 3, it passes completelythrough the bar, severing the blank from the bar.

Then the rotation of the carrier-plate l6 may be reversed to withdrawthe wheel 33 and rotate the parts back to the position shown in Fig. 1.When the link 68 has been moved back to such position, the plunger againcauses the nose M of link 88 to engage under pin ill so that the partsare again ready for operation. when the wheels have been withdrawn, thebar may be fed forward in the tube Ml to present another length of stockto be cut. This feeding mechanism has not been illustrated but may be ofany suitable type of which many are well known in the art. When the'barhas been fed forward, a new piece may be cut from the bar as before.

It is desirable to adjust-the distance between the wheels 3% and 35,when in withdrawn position, to conform to the diameter of the bar ofstool; to be out. To eflect adjustment of the distance between thewheels, the gear 5i may be rotated by rotation of the worm so (Fig. 4).This worm meshes with a worm wheel 9i that is integral with the gear aI. The worm is mounted to revolve with the wormwheel during operation ofthe machine and may be rotated for adjustment by inserting a wrenchthrough opening 5'! in guard 58. The shaft 56 of the worm may besuitably shaped to be manlpulable by the wrench.

As will be apparent, in the operation of cutting ofi a blanl: from a barof stock, each grinding wheel will, as shown in Fig. 7 take a depthwisecut into the bar. Here one wheel is indicated at W and the spiral pathof the wheel in the cutting operation is denoted by the numeral 85. Itis evident from this figure that the area of contact between the wheeland the bar is relatively small at all times. Hence, the spiralcutting-oil movement can be performed very rapidly. Moreover, wear onthe wheel will be a minimum.

The present method of cutting is to be contrasted with the method of theprior art which is illustrated in Fig. 8. In the prior art method, thewheel, indicated at W cuts by simply being fed transversely through thebar B. It is obvious that there is a much larger area of contact between the wheel and the bar with this type of feed than with the spiralfeed of the present invention and that the old process is much slowerand wear on the wheel is much greater.

While the invention has been described in connection with a machine inwhich the tool is revolved about and simultaneously fed into the work toeffect the cutting-0ft action, it will be obvious that instead, the workmight be rotated on its aids while being fed into the tool. 'Many othermodifications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art.Thus, for instance, when one wheel is withdrawn after the blank has beenpartly severed from the bar, the spiral feed of the other wheel may bediscontinued and the cut completed by simply feeding this other wheeltransversely through the remainder of the bar. The diameter or theremaining non-severed portion of the bar will be sumciently small sothat the area of contact between wheel and bar will not'be great and thewheel can be fed on transversely through the bar rapidly and without anyappreciable wear.

Still other modifications or the invention will occur to those skilledin the art. This application is intended to cover all modifications,variations or uses or the invention coming within the scope of theinvention and the limits of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The method of cutting a blank from a bar of stock in which a pair ofrotary cutting 1 are employed and I the rotating tools are revolvedabout the bar while being fed into the bar until the bar has been cutthrough to a predetermined depth, and then one of the tools is withdrawnand the other tool completes the out.

2. The method of cutting a blank from a. bar or stock in which a pair ofrotary cutting tools are employed and the rotating tools are revolvedabout the bar while being fed into the bar until the bar has been cutthrough to a predetermined depth, and then one 01 the tools is withdrawnand the other tool is fed transversely directly through the bar tocomplete the cut.

3. A cut-off machine comprising a work support for holding a bar ofstock, a rotary disc cutting tool, a carrier upon which the cutting toolis mounted, means for revolving the carrier to produce a rotationalmovement of the tool about the center of the work and means operativelyconnected to the carrier and operated by the carrier in its rotation forsimultaneously producing a continuous relative depthwise feed movementbetween the tool and the work radial of the center 01 the work to severa piece irom the bar.

4. A cut-off machine comprising a work support, a rotatable carrier, atool support movably mounted on said carrier, a cutting tool mounted onsaid tool support, means for rotating the car rier to move the toolabout the work, and means comprising a differential for effectingmovement of the tool support on the carrier as the carrier rotates.

5. A cut-off machine comprisinga work support, a rotatable carrier, 9.,tool support movably mounted on said carrier, 2. cutting toolmounted gon said tool support, a rotary actuating member,

means operatively connecting the actuating member to the tool support tomove the tool support on rotation of the actuating member, means forrotating the carrier, and a differential operatively connecting thecarrier and the actuating member to rotate the actuating member onrotation of the carrier but at a different rate.

6. A cut-off machine comprising a feed tube for supporting the work, arotatable carrier having a central opening concentric oi said tube andthrough which the work may be fed, a tool support movably mounted onsaid carrier at one side of the feed opening for movement toward and 55from the center of said opening, an actuating member, a difierentialoperatively connecting the carrier with the actuating member to'operatethe actuating member on rotation of the carrier, means operativelyconnecting the actuating member to the tool support to operate the toolsupport on actuation of said member, and means for rotating the carrier.

'7. A cut-offmachine comprising a feed tube to support the work, arotatable carrier having a central opening concentric of said tube andthrough which the work may be fed longitudinally, a pair of cuttingtools movably mounted on the carrier at opposite sides of saidopening,means for rotating the carrier, means for moving said cutting toolssimultaneously on the carrier toward said opening to efiect feedmovement of the tools into the work, and means for discontinuing thelast named movement of one o! the cutting tools when the out hasproceeded to a predetermined 9. A cut-on machine comprising a feed tubefor depth. supporting a bar of stock, a. sleeve Joumaled on a. A cut-oflmachine omprisin a w rk 5119- said tube, a rotatable carrier having acentral p a tool s ppo t, a pair of rotary cutting-of! o ening thereinand Journaled coaxially of said tools mounted on said tool Support atopposite tube and sleeve, 9. tool support pivotally mounted sides of thework, means for rotating the tools, on said carrier for movement towardand from the means for producing relative rotational movework, a.linkage pivotally connecting the tool supment between said supportsabout the center of port to the sleeve, dlflerentialmechanlsm connectthework, means for simultaneously feeding said ing the sleeve and carrier,and means for rotating tools depthwise into the work carried by saidwork the carrier to revolve the tool support about the support and m ansfor discontinuing the feed work and simultaneously efl'ect pivotalmovement movement of one tool when the out has progressed or the toolsupport. to a predetermined dep HERBERT J. WHITE.

